In June 2022, a 101-year-old former guard at the Sachsenhausen concentration camp (north of Berlin) was sentenced to five years in prison. The former secretary, who lives in a care home and is unnamed, had worked at the Stutthof camp near Danzig, in Nazi-occupied Poland. A 99-year-old who was being investigated on suspicion of complicity in murder as a former Nazi camp guard has died, ending the case against him, German prosecutors said Tuesday. Found guilty by a British Military Tribunal, she was sentenced to death and hanged on December 13 1945, aged 52. More than 6,000 camp guards and personnel were trained there before being sent out to work at other camps. [19][28] It was also added that Spanner was arrested twice after the war but released after each time after explaining how he had conducted the maceration and injection process of his models and was declared "clean" by the denazification program in 1948, officially exonerated, and resumed his academic career. Berlin CNN A 96-year-old man accused of being an SS guard at the Stutthof camp in Nazi-occupied Poland has been deemed "unfit to stand trial." The man, named only as "Harry S.," is. a 97-year-old former Nazi camp secretary was found guilty of complicity in the murder of more than 10,000 people at the Stutthof concentration camp located in occupied Poland. Its unknown why she would voluntarily seek work at a concentration camp so late in the war, but it was likely due to some misplaced sense of nationalism. Koryski told the court it "was no secret" that people were being killed in the camp's gas chamberbefore being burned, because of the smell that spread through the barracks. GitHub export from English Wikipedia. Edited by G. ukomski, G. Kucharski. More than 60,000 people died in the camp. Washington, DC 20024-2126 He added that his "work" had involved cleaning the crematorium, which meant loading bones and other burnt remains onto a cart to be thrown into a trench. Contents Tour to stutthof concentration camp Camp Staff Prisoners Conditions The Stutthof concentration camp, like every Nazi concentration camp, was an institution for torturing, humiliating and murdering people, a death machine. Quiz: How well do you know US presidents? Most of the original detainees were local Poles and Jews when Stutthof was built in 1939 as the first Nazi camp outside Germany's borders in World War Two. Selection of monographs in PDF, Memorial to the Victims of the Stutthof Concentration Camp, Monografia KL Stutthof (KL Stutthof monograph), Zbrodnie hitlerowskie w obozie koncentracyjnym Stutthof: liczba ofiar w wietle rde i bada: prba bilansu, SS Main Economic and Administrative Office, International Youth Meeting Center in Owicim/Auschwitz, Rescue of Jews by Poles during the Holocaust, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stutthof_concentration_camp&oldid=1141333869, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2018, Articles needing additional references from December 2020, All articles needing additional references, Articles with Polish-language sources (pl), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Matzkau in Makowy (now within city limits of Gdask), This page was last edited on 24 February 2023, at 14:55. Manfred Goldberg's younger brother Herman was murdered by the Nazis but Manfred was eventually reunited with his mother, who was also at Stutthof, and later his father too in the UK. [1][2] The actual barracks were built the following year by prisoners. Over 4,000 were sent by small boat to Germany, some to the Neuengamme concentration camp near Hamburg, and some to camps along the Baltic coast. 1. At Auschwitz she would pick kids as pets, with one survivor recalling how she dressed one in fine clothing, parading it around like a puppet - only to send the child to the gas chamber when she got bored. [41], In 1999, Artur mijewski filmed a group of nude people playing tag in one of the Stutthof gas chambers, sparking outrage.[42][43][44]. About 24,600 were transferred from Stutthof to other locations. American survivor Asia Shindelman, who testified via video link, said she had been taken there with her parents, uncle and grandmother and witnessed prisoners being thrown by guards into electrified fences. Like many of his fellow inmates, the man would be murdered and stripped of his skin - which would be used to make a lampshade in Kochs home. Dave, The man had . [1] None of the Stutthof commandants were ever tried in Poland. The camp was set up around existing structures after the invasion of Poland in World War II and initially used for the imprisonment of Polish leaders and intelligentsia. "I was first in Stutthof in August '43 for close to a month and then two other [camps] before I returned at the end of 1944 for a second time," he told the BBC. [2], The first Polish war crimes tribunal was convened at Gdask, Poland, from April 25, 1946 to May 31, 1946. From left to right: Jenny-Wanda Barkmann, Ewa Paradies, Elisabeth Becker, Wanda Klaff, and Gerda Steinhoff. Babysitter 'with black heart' filmed herself sexually abusing toddler before sending video to her paedophile lover, Piers Morgan slams 'disgusting' 500 parking charges for NHS staff as Grant Shapps admits 'something's gone wrong'. Bus Tours. However, he was tried in a juvenile court due to being about 17 at that time. Buffalo shooting - 'Gunman' Gregory Ulrich 'held grudge against docs for refusing him painkillers' before killing nurse. Some went on to be involved in administering lethal sterilisation experiments, others helped select victims of the gas chambers, set dogs on young girls and murdered inmates before incinerating their bodies. Many drowned along the way. Between 1933 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its allies established more than 44,000 camps and other incarceration sites (including ghettos). As the war ended, Jenny Barkmann attempted to evade the Red Army under a false name in the besieged city of Gdansk. [13] Other sources say that the camp staff shot most remaining inmates in a mass murder. Former Stutthof prisoners volunteered to serve as executioners for the public hanging on July 4, 1946. The people who did this and all adults who watched it (I notice there are even very young children watching, says a lot about the sort of people perpetrating these disgusting CRIMES) should be tried and punished. Two weeks later, on September 15th 1939 . SS-Aufseherin Jenny Wanda Barkmann - death by hanging 3. She then ordered her dog, known as the big, bad, wolfhound to attack the sick girl, who was sitting on the ground, She later died from the bites. It was in 1943 that Stutthof's population of detainees was dramatically enlarged, from a capacity of 4,000 to 25,000. She is accused of having assisted those responsible at the camp in the systematic killing of Jewish prisoners, Polish partisans and Soviet Russian prisoners of war between June 1943 and April 1945. How healthy are India's 1.4 billion people? The land was very wet, almost at sea level. It has been estimated that around half of the evacuated prisoners, over 25,000, died during the evacuation from Stutthof and its subcamps. When the Allies tried the perpetrators of the Holocaust after the end of the war, the public was surprised by the beastly behavior of female guards like Irma Grese and Elisabeth Volkenrath, who often committed worse acts than their male counterparts. PD-Polish Public Domain. In recent years, prosecutors have successfully convicted former death camp guards using the argument that by helping to operate camps like Auschwitz and Sobibor, they were accessories to the. After evading capture for a few months, she was recognized and arrested in May 1945. It is totally illegal, hanging has to be done in a certain way and this was certainly not. On a huge hill in Gdansk, the condemned guards including Jenny-Wanda Barkmann were executed on a huge gallows and it was said that around 200,000 people witnessed the executions of the former concentration camp guards.Join us today as we look at, 'The JUSTIFIED Executions Of The Guards Of Stutthof Concentration Camp.' Medycyna na usugach systemu eksterminacji ludnoci w Trzeciej Rzeszy i na terenach okupowanej Polski. [2] SS-Rottenfhrer Emil Strehlau was sentenced by the court in Torun (Wloclawek) on April 23, 1948, to death for war crimes. [40] On 20 December 2022 Furchner, then 97, was convicted of being an accessory to murder of more than 10,000 people at Stutthof concentration camp during World War II. Go and do the same, you BNP piece of sh-t. You are fucking FILTH! Stutthof. A narcissist who had numerous affairs with SS officers, she was said to have deliberately chosen women she considered more beautiful than her. It was not until 2017 that he returned to Stutthof as part of a visit by the Prince and Princess of Wales and discovered to his surprise that the camp's gas chambers were still intact. In perhaps the last ever Nazi war crimes trial, Irmgard Furchner attended court in Germany for more than a year as prosecutors outlined their case against her. In 1945, she was captured by the American forces after attempting to flee to Bavaria. Often described as one of historys cruellest women, Elizabeth Volkenrath selected thousands of women and children to be sent to the gas chambers. Over 4,000 were sent by small boat to Germany, some to the Neuengamme concentration camp near Hamburg, and some to camps along the Baltic coast. The former secretary, who lives in a care home and is unnamed, had worked at the Stutthof camp near Danzig, in Nazi-occupied Poland. In July, Bruno Dey, a 93-year-old former SS guard at Stutthof was convicted of aiding in the murder of 5,230 people, most of them Jews. The Belsen Trial heard that she beat an 18-year-old girl for eating peelings in the kitchen and, when others protested, she told them, "I will beat her to death." Most of the original detainees were local Poles and Jews when Stutthof was. Initially, in Auschwitz, the camp numbers were sewn on the clothes; with the increased death rate, it became difficult to identify corpses, since clothes were removed from corpses.Therefore, the medical personnel started to write the numbers . The selection process for these guards was lax. The area was secluded: to the north was the Bay of Danzig, to the east the Vistula Bay, and to the west the Vistula River. Female guards of the Stutthof Concentration Camp at a Gdask war trial held before the Special Law Court between 25th April and 31st May of 1946, Poland. This days condemned camp commandant Johann Pauls, five male kapos, and five female guards were the product of the first of four Stutthof trials held in 1946-1947. Originally, Stutthof was a civilian internment camp[6] under the Danzig police chief, before its subsequent massive expansion. It was not produced on an industrial scale, but still for utilitarian purpose, Soap made from human corpses Danzig Anatomical Institute, debunked rumours of industrial production of human soap in concentration camps, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Female guards in Nazi concentration camps, "History of the concentration camp in Stuttfof", "Stutthof, the first Nazi concentration camp outside Germany", "Mennonites and the Holocaust: From Collaboration to Perpetuation", Datos de 295 Mujeres Pertenecientes a la SS: Christel Bankewitz, Stutthof, "Norske vakter jobbet i Hitlers konsentrasjonsleire", "PHASE II: THE GERMAN OCCUPATION OF ESTONIA IN 19411944", "Klooga Concentration Camp and Holocauts Memorial. [3] Gassing with Zyklon B began in June 1944. The evacuation of prisoners from the Stutthof camp system in northern Poland began in January 1945. you are right, they should have been soaked in gasoline and torched right before they were hanged. How does climate change affect El Nino and La Nina cycles? Ackermann, who delivered the lamp, said that its base was made from a human foot and shinbone and the shade had tattoos and even nipples. Theres more about Stutthofs history at the Holocaust Research Project, and at the current memorial facilitys home page. Ten were sentenced to death. Main telephone: 202.488.0400 The next three trials took place at the same court in October 831, 1947, November 510, and in November 1929 of that year. Putting names to archive photos, The children left behind in Cuba's mass exodus, In photos: India's disappearing single-screen cinemas. The first contingent of 2,500 Jewish prisoners arrived from Auschwitz in July 1944. Who is Rod Ponton and why has he gone viral? The Soviet/Polish Special Criminal Court found all of them guilty of the charges. [3] Most of the infrastructure of the concentration camp was either destroyed or dismantled shortly after the war. In September 1942, Bothe became the SS Aufseherin camp guard at the Nazi German Ravensbrck concentration camp for women. When the final evacuation began, there were nearly 50,000 prisoners, the majority of them Jews, in the Stutthof camp system. [38], In July 2021, a 96-year-old German secretary, Irmgard Furchner, who had been part of KZ Stutthof was arrested to be tried for war crimes. Koryski was taken from Lithuania to Stutthofin 1944, when he was 16 years old. (06.11.2018), The man is accused of being complicit in the deaths of 5,230 inmates during a period of almost a year working as a guard at the Stutthof concentration camp. Shortly before the German surrender, some prisoners were transferred to Malmo, Sweden, and released to the care of that neutral country. The womans face became swollen and blue.. AP . $156.33. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. A report by the Seventh Army, written by Lieutenant Colonel Walter J. Fellenz, mentions a total of 17 guards killed. Twelve were sentenced to death, including the commander of the guards Johann Pauls, while the remainder were sentenced to various terms of imprisonment. [37] On 23 July 2020, he was given a two-year suspended sentence by the court in Hamburg. The Stutthof concentration camp is less well known than the camps at Auschwitz, Buchenwald or Dachau. She died in 1989. Again, hundreds of prisoners were forced into the sea and shot. [33] In February 2019 the trial of a defendant matching this description (whom Reuters reported could not be named for legal reasons) was halted after a medical report was issued stating that the defendant was unfit to stand trial, the trial already having been suspended since the previous December. In 1943, the camp was enlarged and a new camp was constructed alongside the earlier one. [2] Pauly was tried by the British for war crimes with thirteen others in the Curio Haus in Hamburg which was located in the British occupied sector of Germany. Erected in 1939, it saw two horrific epidemics of typhus kill thousands of its already dying population in 1942 and 1944. Inside the Third Reichs concentration camps were scores of evil guards capable of committing horrible and sadistic acts. Even before the war began, the German Selbstschutz in Pomerania created lists of people to be arrested,[3] and the Nazi authorities were secretly reviewing suitable places to set up concentration camps in their area. The Germans used Stutthof prisoners as forced laborers. Stutthof was the first camp outside German borders, in operation from 2 September 1939, and the last camp liberated by the Allies on 9 May 1945. Nevertheless, Pauly was executed in 1946. He was executed November 8 in Wloclawek[7][8]. She kicked me so hard that I fell. About 3,700 out of the 55,000 guards in the camps were women. I PROMISE. Jenny-Wanda Barkmann was born on May 30, 1922, in Hamburg. Find topics of interest and explore encyclopedia content related to those topics, Find articles, photos, maps, films, and more listed alphabetically, Recommended resources and topics if you have limited time to teach about the Holocaust, Explore the ID Cards to learn more about personal experiences during the Holocaust. Jenny-Wanda Barkmann was born in Hamburg in 1921. When the final evacuation began, there were nearly 50,000 prisoners, the overwhelming majority of them Jews, in the Stutthof camp system. To support our channel, please make sure to subscribe. Arraigned 20 ex-officials and guards were judged; nineteen were found guilty, and one was acquitted. Journey time by bus is about 80 minutes and costs 14.50z. Subscribe to this by clicking this link:https://www.youtube.com/c/TheFortresssThanks for watching! Eventually, the Stutthof camp system became a network of forced-labor camps. Now 97, she has been found guilty of aiding and abetting the murders of more than 10,500 detainees. [33][34] He was charged as a juvenile, as he was under 21 at the time of the offense. The Stutthof trials were a series of war crime tribunals held in postwar Poland for the prosecution of Stutthof concentration camp staff and officials, responsible for the murder of up to 85,000 prisoners during the occupation of Poland by Nazi Germany in World War II. [35][36], Another Nazi camp guard, Bruno Dey, from Hamburg was charged in October 2019 of contributing to the killings of 5,230 prisoners at Stutthof camp between 1944 and 1945. PoznaGniezno 2011, page 131 . [7][18], There was a controversy regarding whether corpses from Stutthof were used in the production of soap made from human corpses at the lab of Professor Rudolf Spanner. Twenty-seven ex-officials and guards were arraigned and judged; 26 were found guilty, and one was acquitted. Established on September 2, 1939, Stutthof was the first concentration camp outside German borders during World War II. They were publicly hanged before a large crowd, estimated at several thousand, at 5.00 p.m. on July 4th, 1946 at Biskupia Gorka hill near Danzig. After the war a number of war crimes trials took place called the Stutthof Trials, and following these there were a number of executions. Some prisoners worked in SS-owned businesses such as the German Equipment Works (DAW), located near the camp. Due to the stark contrast between her physical attractiveness and her barbaric behavior, the prisoners dubbed her the Beautiful Spectre.. Barkmann was sentenced to hang, along with ten other defendants. She committed suicide in 1967. During the Second World War, there were a huge network of concentration camps established by the Third Reich. What's the least amount of exercise we can get away with? She is believed to have spent her childhood in Hamburg, Germany. But the former nurse became known as the Sadist of Stutthof due to the vicious beatings she meted out to inmates at the camp, in Nazi-occupied Poland. [1] Another method of execution practiced in Stutthof was lethal injection of phenol. S tutthof is 34 km from Danzig and was the first concentration camp created by the Nazis outside of the country of Germany (September 2nd. Known, chillingly, as the woman with the dogs, Juana Bormann used trained dogs in sadistic attacks on inmates at Ravensbruck and later Auschwitz, where she served under Irma Grese. Apprehended after the war, she was sentenced and publicly hanged in Gdansk. In December, a 97-year-old former Nazi camp secretary was found guilty of being complicit in the murder of over 10,000 people at the Stutthof concentration camp that was located in occupied Poland. A judicial officer looks at his watch prior to a trial against a 96-year-old former secretary for the SS commander of the Stutthof concentration camp at the court room in Itzehoe, Germany on . (08.08.2019), One of the last trials against an ex-concentration camp guard began Thursday in Hamburg. Marching in severe winter conditions and treated brutally by SS guards, thousands died during the march. Although the guards at Stutthof were already expected to treat the prisoners ruthlessly, Jenny Barkmann stood out for her exceptional cruelty. Nicknamed 'Beautiful Spectre', she was infamous for her brutal treatment of the prisoners. [7], Soviet forces liberated Stutthof on 9 May 1945, rescuing about 100 prisoners who had managed to hide.[7]. The original camp (known as the old camp) was surrounded by barbed-wire fences. Cut off by advancing Soviet forces the Germans forced the surviving prisoners back to Stutthof. The camp is east of modern-day Gdansk and a short walk from the sea. The sub-camps of Stutthof included:[30][31][32], The evacuation of prisoners from the Stutthof camp system began on 25 January 1945. A much higher total was reported by Colonel Howard A. Buechner, the chief medical officer of the 45th Infantry Division, who was at the camp during and after the liberation. [1], The original camp (known as the old camp) was surrounded by the barbed-wire fence. Karl Koch was hanged in 1944, for embezzling millions from wealthy Germans and, in 1950, Ilse was jailed for life in Germany, for war crimes. He was tried in a juvenile court due to being about 17 at that time. It is estimated that around 65,000 people were murdered during the Holocaust in the Stutthof concentration camp, near the Polish city now called Gdansk. There she became known as the "Sadist of Stutthof" due to her brutal beatings of prisoners. The first prisoners arrived in the camp on September 2nd. Little is known about her life, but it is a known fact that in 1944 she became- Aufseherin, a female-guard, in the women's section of Stutthof concentration camp.