Common causes of seizures in children include all of the following, EXCEPT: 21. A. cherry-red spots or a purplish rash. D. lethal cardiac rhythm disturbances. B. separating the child from her mother and providing ventilatory assistance. B. ensure that the airway is patent and clear of obstructions. following questions would be of LEAST pertinence? B. falls from a height greater than 5. You respond to a skate park where a 10-year-old male fell from his skateboard and struck his head on the ground; he was not wearing a helmet. D. poisonings or ingestion. C. 8 months and 8 years. D. wheezing. A. Question Type: General Knowledge B. place a towel or folded sheet behind the shoulders. Which of the following is MORE common in children than in adults following a head injury? When immobilizing an injured child in a pediatric immobilization device, you should: C. palpate the abdomen for rise and fall. If a pediatric patient begins seizing again during your care, which of the following would be your treatment priority? C. skin condition After determining that an infant or child has strong central pulses, you should: D. a generalized rash with intense itching. Page: 1185. She is conscious, but clearly restless. C. skin condition C. their bones bend more easily than an adult's. B. weak distal pulses. Which of the following represents a low normal systolic blood pressure for a 6-year-old child? Vasoconstriction can help or hurt your body, depending on the situation. Bratteby LE (1968) Studies on . When you arrive at the scene, the child is conscious, crying, and clinging to her mother. A. determine if the child's vital signs are within the age-appropriate limits. C. slightly flex the neck to prevent tracheal kinking. A high-pitched inspiratory sound that indicates a partial upper airway obstruction is called: B. multiple open fractures. C. 5 C. belly breathing. C. 8 years. B. a low-grade fever and tachycardia. Question Type: General Knowledge via a nonrebreathing mask. Page: 1160. In most children, febrile seizures are characterized by: Question Type: General Knowledge Which of the following inquiries should you make in private when obtaining a SAMPLE history from an adolescent patient? D. assess the child's heart rate and skin condition. B. loss of consciousness Answer: A The majority of cervical spine injuries in children are partial transections of the spinal cord, resulting in A. place oxygen tubing through a hole in a paper cup. A. croup. C. face A. is experiencing mild to moderate pain. A. warm, dry skin. A. routinely suction the mouth to remove oral secretions. A. Syncope, pronounced "SIN-ko-pea," is the medical term for fainting. When immobilizing an injured child in a pediatric immobilization device, you should: Padding underneath the torso when immobilizing an injured child is generally not necessary if he or she is: The pediatric patient should be removed from his or her car seat and secured to an appropriate spinal immobilization device if: When a child experiences a blunt chest injury: the flexible ribs can be compressed without breaking. m(i)=31+52+73+94+115+136++2i+1i. ., 10. The mother tells you that the seizure lasted approximately 5 minutes. Peripheral vasoconstriction is more dependent on core than on skin temperature (cf. A normal level of consciousness in an infant or child is characterized by: age-appropriate behavior, good muscle tone, and good eye contact. Answer: B You should: Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: You The infant's heart rate is 140 beats/min and his anterior fontanelle appears to be slightly sunken. Which of the following is MORE common in children than in adults following a head injury? Compared to an adult, the diaphragm dictates the amount of air that a child inspires because the: intercostal muscles are not well developed, blood vessels near the skin are constricted. A. irritability of the left ventricle. She further tells you that her daughter has no history of seizures, but has had a recent ear infection. D. begin chest compressions if she becomes unresponsive and her heart rate falls below 80 beats/min. Bulcao et al., 2000; Cheng et al., 1995; Daanen, 1996; Grahn et al., 1998). As you approach the child, you note that he is lying at the base of the monkey bars. C. ear pain. D. The cause of death following SIDS can be established by autopsy. Question Type: General Knowledge Question Type: General Knowledge The child is conscious, A. he or she can compensate for blood loss better than adults. D. has a history suggestive of a serious illness. The normal respiratory rate for a newborn should not exceed ______ breaths/min. B. stabilize his head and check for a pulse. You should: assist his ventilations, be prepared to suction his mouth if he vomits, apply full spinal precautions, and prepare for immediate transport to a trauma center. history from an adolescent patient? B. moist oral mucosa. B. SIDS is most commonly the result of an overwhelming infection. After your partner stabilizes his head and opens his airway, you assess his breathing and determine that it is slow and irregular. Page: 1156. D. observe the chest for adequate rise. As a 1-month-old, babies start to know familiar sounds and may show it by turning the head. A. is a rapid head-to-toe exam to detect life threats. C. place the child in cold water to attempt to reduce her fever. Signs of a severe airway obstruction in an infant or child include: A child who has no recent history of illness suddenly appears cyanotic and cannot speak after Have you noticed any signs or symptoms? A. depress the gag reflex. Question Type: General Knowledge C. caused by inflammation of the spinal cord. C. skin that is cool and dry. He is unresponsive and there are no signs of breathing. Wheezing. Question Type: General Knowledge Guiding principles for appropriate complementary feeding are: continue frequent, on-demand breastfeeding until 2 years of age or beyond; D. hyperextend the neck to ensure adequate alignment. A. sunken fontanelles. bronchioles. D. give detailed updates to the infant's parents. D. acute respiratory distress. C. have a parent restrain the child as you give oxygen. D. dry mucous membranes. The child is conscious, obviously frightened, and is coughing forcefully. Question Type: General Knowledge D. assess the child's heart rate and skin condition. During the attempted resuscitation of an infant with suspected SIDS: You should: 2 seconds. A child who has no recent history of illness suddenly appears cyanotic and cannot speak after playing with a small toy. transport to the closest trauma center. Answer: D Effective methods for providing pain relief to a child with an extremity injury include: A) Lung sounds are difficult to hear because of the thick intercostal muscles. C. blood vessels near the skin are constricted. 5% 4 A. child is in severe decompensated shock. After using the PAT to form your general impression of a sick or injured child, you should: 93. Answer: B 99. B. After determining that an infant or child has strong central pulses, you should: Capillary refill time is MOST reliable as an indicator of end-organ perfusion in children younger than: If the situation allows, a child should be transported in a car seat if he or she weighs less than _____ lbs. Explain the meanings of the following terms: quadratic damping, complex stiffness, transmissibility, beating, and quality factor. 78. This acute mediastinitis from esophageal rupture. When a child experiences a blunt chest injury: D. are most severe if the child ingested a poisonous substance. If the cervical spine is injured, it is most likely to be an injury to the ligaments because of rapid movement of the head. A. of more than 2F to 3F per hour. Their presence can exacerbate the symptoms of pathologic vasoconstriction. Question Type: General Knowledge Answer: D The Sun radiates energy into space at the rate of 3.91026J/s3.9 \times 10 ^ { 26 } \mathrm { J } / \mathrm { s }3.91026J/s How does this mass loss arise? 2, 4 Question Type: General Knowledge 15% D. refusal to drink fluids. A. alcohol. 53. C. putting a baby to sleep on his or her back D. are most severe if the child ingested a poisonous substance. She is receiving high-flow oxygen Accessory muscle use. Answer: B D. decreased LOC. The purpose of the pediatric assessment triangle (PAT) is to: allow you to rapidly and visually form a general impression of the child. B. should be performed, regardless of the circumstances. Which of the following statements regarding pediatric trauma is correct? The narrowing (constriction) of blood arteries by tiny muscles in their walls is known as vasoconstriction. 3 seconds. Question Type: General Knowledge C. hyperpnea. 82 mm Hg C. bulging fontanelles. If a nasopharyngeal airway is too long, it may: Page: 1158. 25. B. not rule out compensated shock. 2, 4 D. give oxygen and transport at once. A. high fever. 80. Question Type: General Knowledge B. complaining of severe back pain. Before positioning an infant or child's airway, you should: B. rule out hypoxia if cyanosis is absent. 96. A. block the pop-off valve if needed to achieve adequate chest rise. Answer: A A. tenting. You respond to a skate park where a 10year-old male fell from his skateboard and struck his head on the ground; he was not wearing a helmet. A. apply high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, perform an in-depth secondary assessment, apply full he or she presents with: C. crying or combativeness, good muscle tone, and awareness to time. Answer: A C. femoral Study Resources. A. separating the child from his or her parents. The Answer The answer is C. Seizure. Infants produce heat by non-shivering thermogenesis (NST) and should exhibit peripheral vasoconstriction when cold, but little empirical evidence confirms that ELBW infants are capable of peripheral vasoconstriction. B. burns to the hands or feet that involve a glove distribution level of activity is decreased. Question Type: General Knowledge The infant's The signs and symptoms of poisoning in children: The MOST ominous sign of impending cardiopulmonary arrest in infants and children is: Question Type: General Knowledge D. swimming pools. 68. You should suspect: Answer: B Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: B. retracting. A. child abuse. Page: 1193-1194, 97. C. severe dehydration. Her skin is hot and moist. B. a responsive 6-year-old male who responds appropriately B. unresponsiveness, complete body relaxation, a fever greater than 105F, and a short postictal phase. Peripheral vasoconstriction is an important autonomic response to cold exposure, which restricts heat transfer from the core to the environment through the skin. The triggers for vasoconstriction are fluid loss (blood, urine, stomach contents, sweat, fluid evaporation due to severe burns), hypothermia, and hypernatremia (too much sodium in the blood). Page: 1166, 39. D. assist his ventilations, be prepared to suction his mouth if he vomits, apply full spinal precautions, and D. 18 months and 10 years. C. consistency in the method of injury reported by the caregiver Death caused by shaken baby syndrome is usually the result of: With regard to the legal implications of child abuse: EMTs must report all suspected cases of child abuse. B. monitor her airway and give oxygen. C. hyperthermia. Question Type: General Knowledge They are rarely used in infants younger than 1 year. Your assessment reveals that she is conscious and alert, is breathing adequately, and has skin burns around her mouth. determining the presence of shock in infants and children? They are rarely used in infants younger than 1 year. D. child's core body temperature is elevated. B. allow the family to observe if they wish. A. A. A. result in tachycardia. He is conscious, but his C. palpate the abdomen for rise and fall. During the attempted resuscitation of an infant with suspected SIDS: D. a semiconscious 7-year-old female with normal ventilation, C. an unresponsive 5-year-old male with shallow respirations. Answer: D B. use a length-based resuscitation tape measure. they can usually identify painful areas when questioned. An oropharyngeal airway should not be used in children who have ingested a caustic or petroleum-based D. he or she is breathing inadequately. C. second-degree burns covering more than 10% of the body surface. At the end of the dosing line, important dosing modifications may be noted (ie, take with food, avoid antacids). Pediatric Emergencies, Ch. What is the threshold of blood volume loss in children? A 6-year-old male presents with acute respiratory distress. Submersion injuries in the adolescent age group are MOST commonly associated with: A. encourage the child to urinate and take a shower. C. your assessment will most often reveal bruising to the abdomen. A pediatric patient involved in a drowning emergency may present with: abdominal distension. D. activity, respiratory quality, and level of consciousness. B. C. rule out an injury to the spinal cord. Question Type: General Knowledge B. awareness to place, pink and dry skin, and consistent eye contact. B. monitor her airway and give oxygen. He is responsive to painful stimuli only and has a large hematoma to the back of his head. A child who has no recent history of illness suddenly appears cyanotic and cannot speak after B. past medical history C. crying or combativeness, good muscle tone, and awareness to time. A 4-year-old female ingested an unknown quantity of liquid drain cleaner. A. place bulky padding behind his or her occiput. What time did the ingestion occur? 4 years. B. squeeze the bag 40 times/min when ventilating an infant. Critical burns in children include: A. D. age-appropriate behavior, good muscle tone, and good eye contact. C. ensure that he or she uses a neonatal device for children younger than 12 months. Correct D. altered mental status. Signs of severe dehydration in an infant include all of the following, EXCEPT: D. immediately report your suspicions to the parents. Answer: A The child is conscious and appears alert. You should: be prepared to assist her ventilations, transport at once, and request an ALS intercept en route to the hospital. pulse. they are: When ventilating a pediatric patient with a bag-mask device, the EMT should: A. alcohol. 24. Or your baby may quiet to listen to your voice. When assessing an infant's ventilation status, you should: All of the following are normal findings in an infant or child, EXCEPT: Drawing in of the muscles between the ribs or of the sternum during inspiration is called: A high-pitched inspiratory sound that indicates a partial upper airway obstruction is called: When assessing the heart rate of a 6-month-old infant, you should palpate the brachial pulse or Early signs of respiratory distress in the pediatric patient include all of the following, EXCEPT: Question Type: General Knowledge Death caused by shaken baby syndrome is usually the result of: Answer: B The secondary assessment of a sick or injured child: A sound heard in the upper airway when the child breathes in. Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: Which of the following statements regarding spinal injuries in pediatric patients is correct? The majority of cervical spine injuries in children are partial transections of the spinal cord, resulting in partial paralysis. D. dry mucous membranes. B. have a female EMT remain with her if possible. D. hyperglycemia. Padding underneath the torso when immobilizing an injured child is generally not necessary if he or she is: A. wheezing. A. wheezing. D. an altered mental status. Page: 1185. Hauth J, Moore T. The 2008 National Institute of Child Health and Human Development workshop . D. may indicate a serious underlying illness. EMTs are called for an unresponsive infant. Which of the following statements regarding sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is correct? C. Most cases of SIDS occur in infants younger than 6 months. A child may begin to show signs of separation anxiety as early as: 6 months. In gen-eral, signs of blood loss include pale mucous membranes, pro-longed capillary re-fill time, progressive mental deterioration, tachypnea, hypothermia, poor pulse quality (narrow pulse . B. tightly secure the oxygen mask straps to the face. sinastria di coppia karmica calcolo; quincy homeless shelter; plastic bags for cleaning oven racks; claudia procula death; farm jobs in vermont with housing rate is 120 beats/min. When assessing or treating an adolescent patient, it is important to remember that: 8. B. use a length-based resuscitation tape measure. shock. Nursing Care of a Family With a High-Risk New. Page: 1185. A. extreme restlessness. A. The MOST accurate method for determining if you are delivering adequate tidal volume to a Question Type: General Knowledge You should: A. vary widely, depending on the child's age and weight. A. perform abdominal thrusts. C. bronchitis. Referring to Figure 9.5, state what phase(s) is (are) present at B. the flexible ribs can be compressed without breaking. The purpose of the pediatric assessment triangle (PAT) is to: allow you to rapidly and visually form a general impression of the child, appearance, work of breathing, and skin circulation. B. the flexible ribs can be compressed without breaking. C. a rapid heart rate. C. begin immediate ventilation assistance and ensure that you squeeze the bag forcefully in order to open her bronchioles. Page: 1164, 36. (c) 70C420mmHg70^{\circ} \mathrm{C}_4 20 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}70C420mmHg. A. heart rate A 6-month-old male presents with 2 days of vomiting and diarrhea. You should: Which of the following statements regarding the use of nasopharyngeal airways in children is C. severe hypoxia and bradycardia. B. C. usually present within the first 10 minutes of ingestion. B. have a female EMT remain with her if possible. B. a weak cough. C. avoiding the placement of a splint, if possible. D. decreased LOC. Answer: A B. their bones are more brittle than an adult's. Infection should be considered a possible cause of an airway obstruction in an infant or child, especially if he or she presents with: Page: 1162, 30. C. their bones bend more easily than an adult's. A. mother younger than 20 years B. his or her blood pressure falls with as little as 5% blood loss. B. EMTs must report all suspected cases of child abuse. An increased respiratory rate, particularly with signs of distress (eg, increased respiratory effort including nasal flaring, retractions, seesaw breathing, or grunting) An inadequate respiratory rate, effort, or chest excursion (eg, diminished breath sounds or gasping), especially if mental status is depressed 84. C. seizures and hypoxia C. apply high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, obtain baseline vital signs, apply full spinal precautions, B. observe the child's skin color. Children with N meningitides would MOST likely present with: A normal level of consciousness in an infant or child is characterized by: C. 25% Question Type: General Knowledge B. wheezing. being given multiple doses of her prescribed albuterol by her mother. D. mother smoked during pregnancy. He is unresponsive and there are no signs of breathing. 54. You should: Which of the following is the MOST appropriate dose of activated charcoal for a 20kg child? To ensure that the airway of an infant or small child is correctly positioned, you may have to: C. Why did your child ingest the poison? Page: 1170. 67. dropshipping shipping policy template aliexpress. C. a rapid heart rate. 6 months and 6 years. Answer: B Write a test program that displays m(i) for i = 1, 2, . What time did the ingestion occur? vacation rental inspector job description B. low birth weight After using the pediatric assessment triangle (PAT) to form your general impression of a sick or injured child, you should: perform a hands-on assessment of the ABCs. She is receiving high-flow oxygen via a non-rebreathing mask. When a child is struck by a car, the area of greatest injury depends MOSTLY on the: size of the child and the height of the bumper upon impact. Your friend whimsically says that at the South Pole, a step in any direction is a step north. A. A. cyanosis. You should: 3 months and 4 years. D. poisonings or ingestion, Answer: B 79. c. diminished breath sounds. C. result in airway swelling. Cardiac arrest in the pediatric population is MOST commonly the result of: B. EMTs are assessing a 2-year-old child who was riding in a car seat when the vehicle struck a tree while traveling at 45 MPH. Question Type: General Knowledge The child is conscious, 58. D. swimming pools. In most children, febrile seizures are characterized by: C. immobilized on a long backboard. D. duration of symptoms. 72. The normal respiratory rate for a newborn should not exceed ______ breaths/min. More importantly, the effect of vasoconstriction on central temperature in pediatric patients remains unknown. A. typically last less than 30 minutes. You should: D. assist his ventilations, be prepared to suction his mouth if he vomits, apply full spinal precautions, and prepare for immediate transport to a trauma center. All of the following are normal findings in an infant or child, EXCEPT: The MOST appropriate treatment for this child includes: A. encourage the child to urinate and take a shower. Answer: C D. Inexperience and poor judgment are rare causes of pediatric trauma. Bruising to the _________ is LEAST suggestive of child abuse. The MOST efficient way to identify the appropriately sized equipment for a pediatric patient is to: A. evaluate the child's baseline vital signs. Before positioning an infant or child's airway, you should: You are dispatched to a residence for a child with respiratory distress. Early signs of respiratory distress in the child include: Authors Channel Summit. C. Most cases of SIDS occur in infants younger than 6 months. When caring for a female child who has possibly been sexually abused, you should: The components of the PAT are: 1. B. cause the child to vomit. Answer: B Most trials have used dexamethasone at 0.6 mg/kg (intramuscular or oral), but oral . D. hyperglycemia. Early signs of respiratory distress in the child include: An infant or child with respiratory distress will attempt to keep his or her alveoli expanded at the end of inhalation by: The MOST ominous sign of impending cardiopulmonary arrest in infants and children is: Infection should be considered a possible cause of an airway obstruction in an infant or child, especially if he or she presents with: Signs of an upper airway obstruction in an infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: A 6-year-old male presents with acute respiratory distress. C. insert it until the flange rests on the teeth. A. separating the child from his or her parents. Use of a nonrebreathing mask or nasal cannula in a child is appropriate ONLY if: When administering oxygen to a frightened child, it would be MOST appropriate to: place O2 tubing through a hole in a paper cup. 26. You should: D. 50 g. The MOST common cause of dehydration in pediatric patients is: It is the recommended adjunct for children with head trauma. D. a headache. Page: 1164. Page: 1189. D. activity, respiratory quality, and level of consciousness. A. be prepared to assist her ventilations, transport at once, and request an ALS intercept en route to the You are dispatched to a local elementary school for an injured child. A. warm, dry skin. You should: C. administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother. To ensure that the airway of an infant or small child is correctly positioned, you may have to: B. secondary to a severe bacterial infection. B. asthma. 91. The first month of life after birth is referred to as the: Which of the following statements regarding a 3-month-old infant is correct? Familial dysautonomia (FD), also known as Riley-Day syndrome, is a rare, progressive, recessive genetic disorder of the autonomic nervous system that affects the development and survival of sensory, sympathetic, and some parasympathetic neurons in the autonomic and sensory nervous system.. FD results in variable symptoms, including insensitivity to pain, inability to produce tears, poor growth . Pale skin in a child indicates that the: A. You should: The secondary assessment of a sick or injured child: may not be possible if the child's condition is critical. D. ventilate the child with sharp, quick breaths at the appropriate rate. D. has a history suggestive of a serious illness. A. chills. Blood pressure is usually not assessed in children younger than _____ years. C. perform a blind finger sweep. Question Type: Critical Thinking A. older than 8 to 10 years. You should suspect: The EMT should be MOST concerned when a child presents with fever and: Hyperthermia differs from fever in that it is an increase in body temperature: caused by the inability of the body to cool itself. Vision. D. wheezing. A. assume the child is hypertensive. D. height of the child and the speed at which the car was traveling. C. you should document your perceptions on the run form. Where no specific pediatric dose is given, the implication is that this drug is not commonly used or indicated in that age group. C. pad underneath the child's head. This . hospital. 3 signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include:types of family health services. He is responsive to painful stimuli only and has a large hematoma to the back of his head. signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: D. entrapment in a structural fire. The MOST efficient way to identify the appropriately sized equipment for a pediatric patient is to: Page: 1192. After your partner stabilizes his head and opens his airway, you assess his breathing Question Type: General Knowledge The infant's heart rate is 140 beats/min and his anterior fontanelle appears to be slightly sunken. playing with a small toy. Answer: B Answer: B Greenstick fractures occur in infants and children because: their bones bend more easily than an adult's. 46. When questioning the parent of a child who ingested a poisonous substance, which of the following questions would be of LEAST pertinence? How would you rate a patient who is breathing spontaneously, has a peripheral pulse, and is appropriately responsive to painful stimuli? C. a stiff or painful neck. The MOST common cause of dehydration in pediatric patients is: An infant with severe dehydration would be expected to present with: Signs of severe dehydration in an infant include all of the following, EXCEPT: A 6-month-old male presents with 2 days of vomiting and diarrhea. 56. 5% B. bradycardia. Her heart rate is 130 beats/min and her respiratory rate is 30 breaths/min. B. slowed level of activity. B. cause the child to vomit. D. allowing the child to remain with her mother and applying a nasal cannula. An 8-year-old female with a history of asthma continues to experience severe respiratory distress despite 12. Because of a child's proportionately large head, they are more prone to spinal cord injuries than adults. B. falls from a height greater than 5. A. routinely suction the mouth to remove oral secretions. A. irritability of the left ventricle. Page: 1179. Question Type: General Knowledge Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: Children are less likely than adults to be struck by a car. A. a cardiac arrhythmia. A. the car seat is visibly damaged. D. heat compresses and lowering the injured extremity. When a child is struck by a car, the area of greatest injury depends MOSTLY on the: of the head. B. awareness to place, pink and dry skin, and consistent eye contact. You should: be prepared to assist her ventilations, transport at once, and request an ALS intercept en route to the hospital. When a child experiences a blunt chest injury: D. lethal cardiac rhythm disturbances. D. secure the torso before the head. A. bleeding in the brain. Answer: D D. 18, 6, Answer: D 6. C. Most cervical spine fractures in infants and children occur between the first and second cervical vertebrae. Answer: A A normal level of consciousness in an infant or child is characterized by: age-appropriate behavior, good muscle tone, good eye contact. Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: Children with N meningitides would MOST likely present with: Which of the following is the MOST appropriate dose of activated charcoal for a 20kg child? B. Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: C. weak distal pulses. C. pad underneath the child's head. C. change in bladder habits Early signs of respiratory distress in the child include: Answer: B C. 12, 4 A. stridor. A. normal interactiveness, awareness to time, and pink skin color. Page: 1160. B. weak distal pulses. Which of the following groups of people is associated with the lowest risk of meningitis? B. oxygen content in the blood is decreased. A. begin immediate rescue breathing. When assessing or treating an adolescent patient, it is important to remember that: A. they usually do not wish to be observed during a procedure. The mother tells you that the seizure lasted approximately 5 minutes. A. older than 8 to 10 years. The infant's mother tells you that he has not had a soiled diaper in over 12 hours. 6, 12 Have you noticed any signs or symptoms? Answer: B D. A 3-month-old infant can distinguish a parent from a stranger. A. discourage the family from observing. Which of the following is NOT a known risk factor of SIDS? Which of the following is NOT a known risk factor of SIDS? Hyperthermia differs from fever in that it is an increase in body temperature: His pulse is slow and bounding. (b) 25C,1atm25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}, 1 \mathrm{~atm}25C,1atm