can rabbits eat yellow wood sorrel

Some species of wood sorrels get considerably larger. Its on so many safe lists so can you please explain why you consider it unsafe? About Plants Rabbits Can't Eat. LIST OF POSSIBLE FOODS TO FEED Yellow wood sorrel is a nuisance for most gardeners, but it also has uses. They require a high fiber, low sugar, and low-fat diet. Its important to understand a medications uses and side effects before giving it to your pet. Wood sorrel fruit, or seed pods, resemble tiny okra pods. It is found from the Eastern U.S. into Canada. This means it has a two year life cycle and its appearance is different in each year. Did you know that if its not harvested and cut back yearly, cotton plants can actually grow into trees? Blended with butter, sour grass works well on baked or roasted fish. Your rabbit should be eating a diet made up of at least 75% hay. Filed Under: Foraging Tagged With: edible weeds, foraging. Feeding to rabbits sorrel can be used both in pure form and in combination with other plants. It would be unusual for a rabbit to become obviously ill immediately after eating a toxic plant. There are two ways to get rid of itphysically and chemically. Yellow wood sorrel is native to North America and can grow in clumps or singly, and can be differentiated from clover by its growth habit. Garden Sorrel: No, toxic: Garlic: No: Germany Ivy: No, toxic: Gerranium: No, toxic: Ginger: Yes, limited amounts: Glory Lily: . link to 6 Reasons Rabbits Will Flip Over Their Food and Water Bowls, http://www.medirabbit.com/EN/GI_diseases/Food/Branch/Branch_en.htm, https://rabbit.org/journal/1/liver-disease.html, Bergstrm, Camilla. This also means that it is safe to give your rabbit a blanket that is made from 100% cotton materials. Did You Know: Yellow Wood Sorrel, when ingested in large quantities, can be toxic to pets, such . They don't have to be dried. June 10, 2022 . Bright Blessings, Ive designed adorable bunny apparel! Most processed foods for humans will not be accepted by a rabbit's digestive system. If in doubt leave it. The tender leaves of young Oxalis are devoured by chickens and they always come back for more! Crab's eye (Abrus precatorius)-seeds are fatal Creeping charlie, except houseplant (Glecoma, Nepeta hederacea) Cress/Crucifers/Mustards (Cruciferae-Brassica Raphanus, Descurainia spp.) Is wood sorrel invasive? Learn tips for creating your most beautiful home and garden ever. Seeds also get stuck on garden tools, clothing, pets, and other wildlife, transferring to other areas. In the wild, rabbits have plenty of roots, twigs, and bark to chew through, but as house pets, we need to give our rabbits more options. Daucous carota (Queen Annes lace) is not poisonous to rabbits. Leafy Greens I (need to be rotated due to oxalic acid content and only 1 out of three varieties of greens a day should be from this list) For the organic gardener, the key here is diligence. Aspen is generally the most recommended wood to use as a litter material for rabbits since it is absorptive and controls odors. However, a small amount is unlikely to cause any harm to your bunny. Try to control plants before they flower and set seed. Turn the heat setting on another burner to low and bring the stock to a simmer. 6. For many gardeners, the battle with wood sorrel is an expected struggle. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission, which supports our community. They can be added to salads, soups, or sauces, or used as a seasoning. Rabbits can eat sorrel too. They close up at night and reopen in the morning. You can get commercial herbicides that kill weeds and feed your grass simultaneously. Oxalis can be removed by hand or dug up using a hoe or spade. Click here to schedule a video consult to speak to one of our vets. Yellow wood sorrel. (Again, you can identify and eat before seeds form) It generally grows about 6" high, but can reach 12-14" in optimal conditions. Used sparingly, the health benefits are a good addition to the rabbits varied diet. leaves, Cloak fern (Notholaena sinuata var cochisensis), Colorado rubberweed (Hymenoxys richardsonii), Coral berry (Symphoricarpos orbiculatus)-seeds, Coral plant (Symphoricarpos orbiculatus)-seeds, Corn lily (Symplocarpus foetidus)-all parts, Corn plant (Dracaena fragrans massangeana), Covotillo (Karwinskia humboldtiana)-berries, Crabs eye (Abrus precatorius)-seeds are fatal, Creeping charlie, except houseplant (Glecoma, Nepeta hederacea), Cress/Crucifers/Mustards (Cruciferae-Brassica Raphanus, Descurainia spp. up. Find out how to identify wood sorrel or sour grass and how to use it. Home Spices What Animals Eat Wood Sorrel? In the wild, they would learn what foods are safe and which ones are not from other older rabbits. Articulata (ah-tic-you-LAH-ta) is jointed, Corniculata means, creeping, much branched like a mat, debilis is weak, Latifolia means broad leaved, Macrantha . In lawns, vigorously rake the patch with a wire rake in mid-September to remove the worst of it. However, many things you can grow in the garden are fine to share! It looks similar to clover, except that the foliage is curved or folded at the center of each leaf. You usually find nettles growing on the edge of woodlands. Do they know what not to eat? Cherry twigs, stems and seeds (fruit flesh is safe), Plum twigs, seeds, and leaves (fruit flesh is fine), Flowers - roses, pansies, hibiscus, nasturtiums, aster, carnation, geranium, marigolds, sunflower. I haven't fed it, but did see it in the woods and thought it was another variety of clover. We give our rabbits a multitude of fun toys to keep their chomping teeth busy, and sometimes theyll decide to go after our furniture or baseboards too. with rabbits is oxalic acid and it is completely harmless to animals or humans when consumed in small amounts. Radish tops of the fresh vegetables we feed rabbits have a low to zero level of oxalic acid, but a few, most notably parsley, mustard greens and spinach have relatively 8 Common Weeds Your Chickens Will Love 1. The list of toxic plants is extensive and this list, while large, does not cover every toxic plant. Thanks for pointing that out! This is a slightly sweeter wood, making it a more tempting type of chew toy for most rabbits. Cherry is good for rabbits to chew on, although certain kinds can be toxic. Wood sorrel tea when cooled can make a refreshing . Syrup: Add 2 cups of water,1 cup of wood sorrel leaves, and flowers to a pot. They can have twigs, branches, or leaves fresh from a tree if you have one in your yard. I've got way too much of it. It makes a nice groundcover. Eating any part of this plant can cause colic and kidney failure if enough is consumed. OUR FORUM IS UP BUT WE ARE STILL IN THE MIDDLE OF UPDATING AND FIXING THINGS. I really appreciate the time and effort expended to make this List, and your Blog. BUNNY 911 If your rabbit hasnt eaten or pooped in 12-24 hours, call a vet immediately! Late spring is the best time to apply when emerging weeds are small and actively growing. In a perfect world, rabbits would only have access to wood and branches from trees and bushes that are non-toxic for rabbits. It is classified as a herbaceous weed everywhere else. What causes sex-specific behaviours in rabbits? Sour grasss vitamin C content made it useful for preventing scurvy, along with more easily sourced spruce and pine. Wood sorrels leaves are generally green, but they can be tinged with light purple. The old herbalists tell us that Wood Sorrel is more effectual than the true Sorrels as a blood cleanser, and will strengthen a weak stomach, produce an appetite, check vomiting, and remove obstructions of the viscera. That was from us, but was premature as the login was not working at that time. When I was in Jr. High, I can remember our teacher giving us small branches from trees and then these flow charts that you could follow to determine what type of tree it was just by looking at the leaves, direction of growth, veins, etc. Yes, that stuff is in spinach too, and they sure love to eat sorrel too. Rabbits love to chew on things. College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences. Like clover, the leaves are palmately compound (leaflets radiating from a single point, like fingers from a palm) in threes, but unlike clover, the leaves are heart-shaped. Learn more about how you can get quality hay (even ORGANIC hay!) Sorrel prefers partial shade but can be found in a variety of conditions. TA3 7DY, Call our helpline 01919 339 000 - available between 11am and 3pm Monday to Friday. Clover is also edible, though, so not a huge problem when its mistaken for sour grass. I can't really tell from the picture, but I'm thinking that's NOT oxalis (wood sorrel). Diseo y fabricacin de reactores y equipo cientfico y de laboratorio Yellow woodsorrel seeds are borne in cylindrical seedpods that are about inch long, resembling a miniature okra, capable of bursting open and dispersing the seeds 10 to 15 feet away. }, 12 Uses for Lemon Balm, a Delicious Medicinal Herb. As an Amazon Associate and an associate to other companies I earn a small commission from qualifying purchases. Follow the Bunny Lady and her bunny partner Elusive and they seek to educate rabbit caretakers and make sure everyone is able to have a happy and healthy bunny in their home. 6 Reasons Rabbits Will Flip Over Their Food and Water Bowls. ), Nephthytis (Syngonium podophyllum albolinea-tum)-oxalates, Needlepoint ivy (Hedera helix Needlepoint)-all parts, Nicotiana (Nicotiana)-wild, cultivated leaves, Night-blooming jessamine (Cestrum nocturnum), Nightshade (Solanum carolinense)-all parts, esp. Sour grass packs some wonderful tangy zing! Wood sorrels are a terrific choice for beginner foragers, easy to identify and beloved by kiddos for its lemony flavor. Bobwhite, sparrows, and other birds eat the seeds. root, are fatal, Wild black cherry (Prunus serotina)-withered leaves, Woodbine (Parthenocissus quinquefolia)-sap, Woody nightshade (Celastrus, dulcamera)-berries, Yellow jasmine (Gelsemium sempervirens)-whole plant, Yellow oleander-all parts, esp. Ensure you dont confuse this plant with Hibiscus sabdariffa, otherwise known as Guinea or Jamaican sorrel. Oxalis can grow to be 4 to 12 inches tall and thrives in full sun or shade. The roots are complex, far-reaching, and challenging to pull. Leaves, flowers, and seed pods (which resemble miniature okra fruits) are all edible. But we want to make sure to keep our rabbits safe and only give them access to types of wood that are actually good for them. Its signature heart-shaped leaves have led to one of its other nicknames, lemon hearts. It is your responsibility to assess the information being given and seek professional advice/second opinion from your veterinarian and/or qualified behaviorist. Rabbits can eat any squash that humans can also eat. Both self-propagation methods are prolific. I do feed Calendula flowers all the time to my rabbits. (LogOut/ Similarly, pine cones are safe for rabbits but only after they have been thoroughly dried. Purslane This succulent-looking weed is tasty and great for your flock. The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Wildflowers, Eastern Region. Wood Sorrel Yew Safe Foods to Feed Rabbits Rabbits eat throughout the day and are happier and healthier when they have a variety of foods to eat. The information is not intended to diagnose or treat your pet. The first rule of foraging is always to positively identify your plant. Acorns??? Pin to save this info on using wood sorrels or sour grass for later! Yellow wood sorrel and redwood sorrel typically grow about 8 inches tall, while creeping wood sorrel, as its name suggests, stays closer to the ground. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Copyright 2023 Pet Care Advisors | All Rights Researved. Moved to that big black hole in the night satellite photo. Plants Toxic to Rabbits: Definitely Avoid These! Many have an effect that builds up in the organs over time. After week seven, they may eat some alfalfa hays and pellets. In Europe and parts of Asia, youll typically find Oxalis acetosella, and in North America we have numerous species, including Oxalis stricta (often called yellow wood sorrel or sour grass) and Oxalis corniculata(typically called creeping wood sorrel). Seed or sod any bare spots because that is where wood sorrel weed will find an opportunity to grow. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. Cook.Can.Read uses sour grass for pesto and quiche. The flowers of yellow wood sorrel are characterized by 5 . However, just because rabbits like to chew on anything they can get their teeth on, doesnt mean they should. Common yellow wood sorrel. Again, and as with spinach, the oxalic acid content should be considered. Just be sure that these are untreated if you want to give them to your rabbit to chew on. It's native to North America and Eurasia. Dont have a vet? (LogOut/ Add a pinch of salt along with the sorrel and stir the stock. Subscribe to the Bunny Lady e-Newsletter and receive a FREE pdf guidebook going over all the basics of rabbit care. Many have an effect that builds up in the organs over time. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. Twigs, branches, and leaves from rose bushes are completely safe for rabbits to chew on. Outdoor Hub, LLC (d/b/a Carbon Media Group), 30800 Telegraph Rd, Suite 1921, Bingham Farms, MI 48025 USA. Then the remaining 25% of the diet is split between veggies and small volumes of fruit and pellets. How to give sorrel to rabbits correctly. The many types of Wild Sorrel including the more commonly known (and foraged) Common Sorrel, Sheep's Sorrel and Wood Sorrel. These compounds are toxic to dogs. You will find a yes and no to on whether rabbits can eat sorrel or not, something that can be confusing. This is a huge problem because once symptoms do show, its too late to do anything about it. Actively growing weeds are more likely to take the herbicide and move it through the entire weed down to its roots. Most tortoises love oxalis, spurge and other plants on the do-not-feed lists. It is reported in all the contiguous United States, except Oregon, California, Nevada, and Utah, but likely occurs in those states. But some materials can be dangerous for rabbits to chew on. If the wood sorrel weed is growing in cool-season turfgrass, such as bentgrass, Kentucky bluegrass, ryegrass, or tall fescue, treat the lawn with a post-emergent herbicide that contains the ingredient triclopyr. and I simply don't know about the safety of jewelweed. Until week seven, baby rabbits should stick to their mother's milk. If youre in the garden weeding, you can also pinch off a stem and nibble the tops for a refreshing snack, or if your yellow wood sorrel is competing with crops you value more, pull them up by the roots and chomp off the top before throwing them in your compost. Please note that this page is not exhaustive. An organic gardener must be diligent when preventing or eliminating the yellow wood sorrel weed. Find out more about permaculture principles to get more food from your yard with less work. Read the complete listing of the plant to get details regarding which parts to avoid. Very Vegan Val shares a chilled sour grass soup recipe with coconut milk and Leda Meredith has a potato-based version. The plant produces small, green seed pods that look like okra; they're about 1/2 to 3/4 inches long. It produces long, narrow seed pods, tapered at both ends, which are square-shaped in cross-section. Mixed grassland (timothy, meadow, oat, rye, barley or Bermuda grasses) hay is lower in calcium and calories. The pod can distribute its seeds as far as 10 feet upon maturation. http://rabbit.org/suggested-vegetables-and-fruits-for-a-rabbit-diet/, This Forum and Store have separate secure Sign Ins. root, are fatal, Potato (Solanum tuberosum)-green parts are fatal, eyes, Precatory bean (Abrus precatorius)-seeds are fatal, Rattlebox (Crotalaria spp., Daubentonia punicea), Red clover (Trifolium pratense)-hays when moldy, Red-margined dracaena (Dracaena marginata), Red sage (Lantana camara)-green berries are fatal, Rhododendron (Rhododendron)-all parts are fatal, Rosary bean (Abrus precatorius)-seeds are fatal, Rosary pea (Abrus precatorius)-seeds are fatal, Rosebay (Rhododendron occidentale)-all parts fatal, Rosemary (Rosemarinus)-leaves of some varieties are poisonous, Rubber plant, Indian (Ficus elastica Decora), Rum cherry (Prunus serotina)-withered leaves, Saddle leaf philodendron (Philodendron selloum), Sage (Salvia)-leaves of some varieties are poisonous, Satin pothos (Scindapsus spp., Pothos wilcoxii), Sheep laurel (Kalmia angustifolia)-leaves, Silverleaf (Solanum eleagnifolium)-all parts, Silver pothos (Scindapsus aureus)-oxalates, Skunk cabbage (Symplocarpus foetidus)-all parts, Snow-on-the-mountain (Euphorbia marginata)-all parts, Split-leaf philodendron (Monstera deliciosa, Philodendron pertusum), Squirrel corn (Dicentra canadensis)-all parts, Star of Bethlehem (Ornithogalum umbellatum)-all parts, String of beads/pearls (Senecio rowleyanus)-whole plant, Sweet pea (Lathyrus odoratus)-stems, seeds, fruit, Swiss cheese plant (Monstera friedrichsthalii), Thorn apple (Datura, Brugmansia stramomium)-all parts, Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)-leaves, vines, Tropic snow (Dieffenbachia amoena)-all parts, esp. The specific epithet acetosella refers to its sour taste. Sorrel is best combined with herbs such as plantain, clover, meadowsweet, etc. That sour flavor is a result of oxalic acid (hence the name oxalis), which can cause problems with nutrient absorption if taken in very large quantities, but its unlikely youd eat enough yellow wood sorrel to experience difficulty. Have not had any problems with them. Sighted from rabbit.org: These include rhubarb, avocado, allium-type vegetables, and iceberg lettuce. Yellow Wood Sorrel gout Oxalis gout. 6. If you live in an area where there is a current outbreak of the RHDV2 virus, its best to not give them any branches from outside. isn't hop clover that low, white clover that's all over the yard all the time? Toxicity is always a matter of the dose, and since oxalic acid is a big thing in lifestock feeding it is generally referred to as toxic because some animals can have negative effects at rather low doses. Oxalis acetosella flowers are white with pink streaks. Heres my recipe for anti-inflammatory smoothie with purslane. It most commonly flowers spring to fall. Read our, Yellow Wood Sorrel vs. Red and White Clover, How to Tell the Difference Between Yellow Wood Sorrel and Red and White Clover. Pine and cedar shavings are commonly sold as litter, but they should be avoided since they can cause liver problems. Wood sorrel is a plant. Permaculture is another. Photo credits: Jon Sullivan, 6th Happiness, Carabo Spain, Hans Braxmeier, Couleur, anfehoe. Assume all houseplants are likely toxic, so keep them out of reach of your bunny. You dont have the Latin name listed as poisonous but you do have Queen Annes Lace listed as such. Assume all houseplants are likely toxic, so keep them out of reach of your bunny. These are two different plants. Sorrel is a common addition to salads, soups, and sauces and can be used to make tea. Plants known to be toxic or harmful to rabbits are discussed on this page. Good starts. We enjoyed the wood sorrel tea very much. Tugging at the stems of wood sorrel breaks the top portion away, leaving the root network and giving it a chance to resprout. Sorrel is sometimes called "false shamrock," and during St. Patrick's Day season, it's common to find yellow wood sorrel misbranded and sold as shamrock. Wood sorrel is the typical yard "shamrock" you likely can find in your yard. If going the herbicide route, post-emergent herbicides will work best on this plant. European wood sorrels (Oxalis acetosella, pictured below) can get up to a foot tall. Unfortunately it isnt listed on the House Rabbits dietary page. Sub in some sour grass and see what you think.). Apple and pear trees are safe for rabbits. Holly Holly trees, foliage, and berries are mildly poisonous to rabbits and should be avoided. Wood sorrel also makes a lovely teasimply steep a generous helping of leaves in boiling water for at least 15 to 20 minutes, then sweeten if desired. Do not give vegetables to baby rabbits. Unfortunately, there are many ways for rabbits to come into contact with types of wood that are unsafe for them. Another plant commonly mistaken for yellow wood sorrel isblack medic, a similar-looking plant with small yellow flowers that is a cool-season summer annual. Sorrel is high in oxalic acid, and thats not good for rabbits. Safe Woods (and Wood-like Substances) for Rabbits alfalfa apple (seeds are toxic) arbutus ash aspen apricot (only when dried for at least one month) bamboo cane basil blackberry blackcurrant borage carrot (no seeds) cat-tail chickweed chicory (wild) cholla cilantro clover (red and white) coconut shell common comfrey (dried) cottonwood crabapple (Here are some of my favorite foraging books.). Strip off the leaves before using if you have a thicker, tougher stem. It can grow well indoors in containers. He became interested in it at a young age, and has been honing his skills ever since. Is corn husk good for rabbits. Oxalis stricta. The stems, branches, and leaf stalks have fine hairs on them. The two primary methods for managing creeping woodsorrel are removing established plants and controlling germinating seeds. Love foraging and green living hacks? Eating Pansies has a recipe for a strawberry and wood sorrel salsa. Our illustrated books Foraging for Rabbits and Gardening for Rabbits provide much more detail on this important subject. No. I thought I could surely find something like this online, but I've had no luck. Redwood isn't a good idea either because it is highly acidic and releases corrosive acid when chewed on. Yew is very dangerous and contains chemicals that can cause sudden death in rabbits. Yellow wood sorrel is also known as sour grass because its leaves have a mildly sour taste. I know they are poisonous to horses and a rabbit has a very similar digestive track..I have oak trees here on the homestead the only livestock that likes them is the pigs They are listed as poisonous to rabbits. Calendula???? What are we about? Before going outside to grab some branches for your rabbit to munch on, you should take some precautions. Anyone know about this specific plant and its rabbit edibility? The RWAF does not make a profit from your call. . Wood Sorrel ( Genus: Oxalis) is a common edible perennial or annual plant that grows in many sun and soil conditions. By clicking Accept All Cookies, you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. The common variety in yards has smaller leaves and little "buttercup" flowers. Unfortunately it loses none of its toxicity and so is much more dangerous if it has been included in hay, as it is more likely to be eaten. Knopf. You may have received a 2-factor authentication (2FA) email from us on 4/21/2020. The subject of intentional breeding or meat rabbits is prohibited. The information is not intended to diagnose or treat your pet. feeding large quantities of foods high in this chemical and can result in tingling of the skin, the mouth and damage to the kidneys over time. However . If the pinewood still has that strong pine scent, then you want to stay away from it and opt for a different type of wood. More about me and my green projects here. Rotating the greens will also give ALL Shopping Rod. Rabbits will all have their favorite types of branches and twigs. Use about four to six cups (950-1900 mL) of chopped sorrel leaves. These shavings are kiln-dried, produced in a way that makes them safe for rabbits. The common name wood sorrel is often used for other plants in the genus Oxalis. So its best to pay attention and make sure you only give your rabbit non-toxic varieties of wood and branches to chew on. The leaves come in a variety of colors, such as white, lavender, and light yellow. Forum DIET & CARE Is Sorrel Safe For Rabbits? Change), You are commenting using your Twitter account. Rabbits can eat birch and poplar branches and twigs fresh from the tree. Sorrel also has a very high vitamin C content, which was a reason it was used as a preventative measure for scurvy. Yellow wood sorrel (Oxalis stricta) is an invasive species in Kentucky and is considered a weed throughout the rest of the U.S. If no parts are listed, assume that the whole plant is poisonous and should not be in fed to your rabbit. The leaves of potato plants can be toxic to rabbits. The Fora platform includes forum software by XenForo. While oxalis has a reputation for being weedy or invasive, there are hundreds of different types of oxalis that are actually quite well-behaved, easy-care plants. I feed yarrow two or three times a week in moderate quantities mixed with other greens. They send ripe seeds flying impressive distances when touched, helping them spread more widely in your garden. sap, Glacier ivy (Hedera helix Glacier)-all parts, Gold dust dracaena (Dracaena godseffiana), Goldenchain tree (Laburnum)-seeds, pods may be fatal, Green-gold nephythytis (Syngonium podophyllum xanthophilum), Heartleaf (Philodendron cordatum, Philodendron oxycardium), Heavenly bamboo (Nandina domestica)-leaves, Hellebore (Ranunculacea, Helleborus, Veratrum)-all parts, Hemlock (Conium, Cicuta, Tsuga)-all parts, Hemp, Indian (Cannabis sativa, Apocynum sp. Gerardo takes their input to heart, and uses it to continue refining his culinary skills. Sorrel has a bright green color, and small yellow five-petaled flowers bloom from mid-spring to fall. Owner, rescue centre and veterinary professional experiences of rabbit bonding. from Small Pet Select! However, people with arthritis or kidney stones should . Stir into it. Rabbits should not generally eat Garden Sorrel regularly, though a little now and then would be unlikely to cause issues (eg if your bunnies were grazing in the yard). Despite safety concerns, people take wood sorrel for liver and digestive disorders, a condition caused by lack of vitamin C (scurvy), wounds, and swollen gums. Rabbits can eat sorrel greens (leaves and stems) or any part of the plant as it is potentially toxic, i.e., it is high in oxalic acid, standing at about 300mg/100g in the form of binoxalate potash. Wood sorrel; Note: Unfortunately, poison hemlock is easily confused with . It covers the most commonly encountered plants that are toxic or harmful to rabbits. Likewise, its best to check what kind of wood is used for your rabbits chew toys to make sure that they are actually safe. However, a small amount is unlikely to cause any harm to your bunny. This type of wood contains phenols that are toxic to rabbits when fresh. Foraging expert Samuel Thayer reports that all above-ground parts (leaves, stems, flowers, and fruits) of yellow wood sorrel are edible, though some are more tender than others.